---
title: He at once sent a messenger calling for fulfilment of the pledge tha… — Irish Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: He at once sent a messenger calling for fulfilment of the pledge that had been given to the Fianna, and demanding the instant return of Tuiren. Who acts: news, messenger, Tuiren. A sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter V, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clau
---

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# Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter V, sentence 2

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He at once sent a messenger calling for fulfilment of the pledge that had been given to the Fianna, and demanding the instant return of Tuiren.

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**Who acts:** news, messenger, Tuiren · **What happens:** send, call, give, demand, fulfil, return · **To what, where:** messenger, pledge, Fianna, instant return · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter V. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (news, messenger, Tuiren), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2892:32:2
# text = He at once sent a messenger calling for fulfilment of the pledge that had been given to the Fianna, and demanding the instant return of Tuiren.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	at	at	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
3	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	4	advmod	_	_
4	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	messenger	messenger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	calling	call	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	fulfilment	fulfilment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	pledge	pledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	obj	_	_
14	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
15	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl:relcl	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	Fianna	Fianna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	demanding	demand	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	instant	instant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	return	return	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	Tuiren	Tuiren	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | news | a messenger |  |  |  | once *property* | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent messenger=Theme |
| 2 | **call** | gerund | a messenger *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for fulfilment of the pledge | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S\_INF»: agent=Agent for fulfilment=Recipient |
| 3 | **give** | past · perfect · passive |  | the pledge | the Fianna |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: that=Theme to fianna=Recipient |
| 4 | **demand** *speech: request* | gerund | news *not said here* | the instant return of Tuiren |  |  |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme return=Precondition |
| 5 | **fulfil** |  |  | the pledge |  |  |  |  | nom fulfilment «feeling transitive»: of=patient |
| 6 | **return** |  | Tuiren |  |  |  |  |  | nom return «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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