---
title: He gripped his spear on that reflection, and ran as he had not run i… — Irish Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: He gripped his spear on that reflection, and ran as he had not run in his life, so that it was a panting, dishevelled man that raced heavily through the gates of the great Dun. Who acts: Chief, spear, man. A sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter III, with its dependency tree and
---

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# Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter III, sentence 42

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He gripped his spear on that reflection, and ran as he had not run in his life, so that it was a panting, dishevelled man that raced heavily through the gates of the great Dun.

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**Who acts:** Chief, spear, man · **What happens:** grip, run, not run, be, dishevell, race · **To what, where:** spear, life, man, gates

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This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter III. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chief, spear, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2892:35:42
# text = He gripped his spear on that reflection, and ran as he had not run in his life, so that it was a panting, dishevelled man that raced heavily through the gates of the great Dun.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gripped	grip	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	spear	spear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	reflection	reflection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
11	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
13	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
14	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
15	run	run	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	ccomp	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
20	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	25	case	_	_
21	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	20	fixed	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
23	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	panting	panting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
27	dishevelled	dishevell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
28	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	_
29	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	30	nsubj	_	_
30	raced	race	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	acl:relcl	_	_
31	heavily	heavily	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
32	through	through	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	gates	gate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	obl	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
37	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
38	Dun	Dun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grip** | past | Chief | Chief's spear |  |  |  | on that reflection | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP PP.theme PP.instrument»: agent=Agent spear=Experiencer on reflection=Theme |
| 2 | **run** | past | Chief *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **not** **run** | past · perfect | Chief |  |  | Chief's life |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in life=Trajectory |
| 4 | **is** | past | spear |  |  |  |  | so a panting | tree rules |
| 5 | **dishevell** | past | Chief *not said here* | man |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **race** | past | man |  |  | the gates of the great Dun |  | heavily *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through gate=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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- ↑ back to [Chapter III](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/35/)