---
title: A crier stood up then, holding in one hand a length of coarse iron l… — Irish Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: A crier stood up then, holding in one hand a length of coarse iron links and in the other a chain of delicate, antique silver. Who acts: crier. A sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter I, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter I, sentence 36

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A crier stood up then, holding in one hand a length of coarse iron links and in the other a chain of delicate, antique silver.

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**Who acts:** crier · **What happens:** stand up, hold · **To what, where:** length, one hand

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This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter I. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (crier), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2892:45:36
# text = A crier stood up then, holding in one hand a length of coarse iron links and in the other a chain of delicate, antique silver.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	crier	crier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	holding	hold	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	length	length	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	coarse	coarse	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
15	iron	iron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	links	link	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	chain	chain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
24	delicate	delicate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
26	antique	antique	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	silver	silver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand up** | past | a crier |  |  |  | then |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **hold** | gerund | a crier *not said here* | a length of coarse iron links and a other chain of delicate antique silver |  | one hand |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent length=Theme in hand=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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