---
title: I penetrated to the hold of the Danish king, and I took out of his d… — Irish Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: I penetrated to the hold of the Danish king, and I took out of his dungeon the men who had lain there for a year and were awaiting their deaths. Who acts: I, men. A sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter II, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter II, sentence 31

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I penetrated to the hold of the Danish king, and I took out of his dungeon the men who had lain there for a year and were awaiting their deaths.

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**Who acts:** I, men · **What happens:** penetrate, take out, lie, await, hold, die · **To what, where:** dungeon, deaths, Danish king

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This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter II. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2892:46:31
# text = I penetrated to the hold of the Danish king, and I took out of his dungeon the men who had lain there for a year and were awaiting their deaths.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	penetrated	penetrate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	hold	hold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	Danish	danish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
14	out	out	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	dungeon	dungeon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
20	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	22	nsubj	_	_
21	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	lain	lie	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	19	acl:relcl	_	_
23	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	22	advmod	_	_
24	for	for	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
28	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
29	awaiting	await	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	conj	_	_
30	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	deaths	death	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **penetrate** | past | I |  |  |  |  | to the hold of the Danish king | vn poke-19 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **take out** | past | I | King's dungeon |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dungeon=Theme |
| 3 | **lie** | past · perfect | the men |  |  | there | year |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **await** | past · progressive | I *not said here* | men's deaths |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **hold** |  |  | the Danish king |  |  |  |  | nom hold «act transitive»: of=patient |
| 6 | **die** |  | men *= man* |  |  |  |  |  | nom death «event intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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