---
title: “I hold that on account of his great losses Fionn is to be exempt fr… — Irish Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: “I hold that on account of his great losses Fionn is to be exempt from payment of damages, and that his losses are to be considered as damages.” Who acts: Cormac, Fionn. A sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter III, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter III, sentence 42

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“I hold that on account of his great losses Fionn is to be exempt from payment of damages, and that his losses are to be considered as damages.”

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**Who acts:** Cormac, Fionn · **What happens:** hold, be, consider, account, pay · **To what, where:** that, account, payment, losses, great losses, damages

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This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter III. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cormac, Fionn), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2892:47:42
# text = “I hold that on account of his great losses Fionn is to be exempt from payment of damages, and that his losses are to be considered as damages.”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hold	hold	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	account	account	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	losses	loss	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
11	Fionn	Fionn	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
14	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	cop	_	_
15	exempt	exempt	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	acl:relcl	_	_
16	from	from	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	payment	payment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	damages	damage	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
22	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
23	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	losses	loss	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nsubj:pass	_	_
25	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	aux:pass	_	_
26	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
27	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	aux:pass	_	_
28	considered	consider	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
29	as	as	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	damages	damage	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** *in a quote* | present | Cormac | that |  | account of Cormac's great losses |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent that=Theme on account=Location |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | present | Fionn |  |  | payment of damages |  | exempt *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **consider** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | Cormac's losses |  |  |  | as damages | vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Attribute |
| 4 | **account** *in a quote* |  |  | Cormac's great losses |  |  |  |  | nom account «communication transitive»: of=patient |
| 5 | **pay** *in a quote* |  |  | damages |  |  |  |  | nom payment «possession transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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