---
title: “Take heed, sir,” said Fionn, “for the champions and great dragons o… — Irish Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: “Take heed, sir,” said Fionn, “for the champions and great dragons of the Gael are standing by you, and around us there are fourteen battles of the Fianna of Ireland.” Who acts: Fionn. A sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter I, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ever
---

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# Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter I, sentence 32

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“Take heed, sir,” said Fionn, “for the champions and great dragons of the Gael are standing by you, and around us there are fourteen battles of the Fianna of Ireland.”

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**Who acts:** Fionn · **What happens:** take, say, stand, be · **To what, where:** heed, fourteen battles · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter I. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fionn), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2892:48:32
# text = “Take heed, sir,” said Fionn, “for the champions and great dragons of the Gael are standing by you, and around us there are fourteen battles of the Fianna of Ireland.”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	ccomp	_	_
3	heed	heed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	sir	sir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	Fionn	Fionn	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
11	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	champions	champion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	dragons	dragon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	Gael	Gael	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
21	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	standing	stand	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
23	by	by	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
27	around	around	ADP	IN	_	30	mark	_	_
28	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
29	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	30	expl	_	_
30	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	32	cop	_	_
31	fourteen	fourteen	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	battles	battle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	parataxis	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	Fianna	Fianna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	_
36	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	Ireland	Ireland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	32	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	32	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | heed and sir |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heed=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Fionn |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **stand** *in a quote* | present · progressive | Fionn *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for the champions and great dragons of the Gael; by you | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by you=Location |
| 4 | **is a** *in a quote* | present |  | fourteen battles |  |  |  | of the Fianna of Ireland | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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