---
title: And so harshly did he speak, and with such a belligerent eye did he… — Irish Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: And so harshly did he speak, and with such a belligerent eye did he stare, that dismay began to seize on the champions, and even Fionn felt that his breath had halted. Who acts: Cael, dismay, Fionn. A sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter I, with its dependency tree and the prag
---

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# Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter I, sentence 39

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And so harshly did he speak, and with such a belligerent eye did he stare, that dismay began to seize on the champions, and even Fionn felt that his breath had halted.

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**Who acts:** Cael, dismay, Fionn · **What happens:** speak, stare, begin, seize, feel, halt · **To what, where:** champions, breath · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter I. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cael, dismay, Fionn), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2892:48:39
# text = And so harshly did he speak, and with such a belligerent eye did he stare, that dismay began to seize on the champions, and even Fionn felt that his breath had halted.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	so	so	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
3	harshly	harshly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
4	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
9	with	with	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
10	such	such	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	13	det:predet	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	belligerent	belligerent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
15	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	stare	stare	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	19	det	_	_
19	dismay	dismay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
20	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	conj	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	seize	seize	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	xcomp	_	_
23	on	on	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	champions	champion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
28	even	even	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
29	Fionn	Fionn	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
30	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	_
31	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	35	mark	_	_
32	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	33	nmod:poss	_	_
33	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	nsubj:pass	_	_
34	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	35	aux	_	_
35	halted	halt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	30	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past · do-support | Cael |  |  |  |  | harshly *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **stare** | past · do-support | Cael |  |  |  |  |  | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **begin** | past | that dismay |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **seize** | to-infinitive | that dismay *not said here* |  |  | the champions |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **feel** | past | Fionn |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 6 | **halt** | past · perfect · passive |  | Cael's breath |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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