---
title: Far as the eye could reach, and in whatever direction, there were tr… — Irish Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Far as the eye could reach, and in whatever direction, there were trees; and from these there came the unceasing singing of birds. Who acts: eye, trees, these. A sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter IV, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/5/16/)

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# Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter IV, sentence 16

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Far as the eye could reach, and in whatever direction, there were trees; and from these there came the unceasing singing of birds.

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**Who acts:** eye, trees, these · **What happens:** reach, be, come, sing · **To what, where:** direction, unceasing singing, birds

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This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter IV. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (eye, trees, these), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2892:5:16
# text = Far as the eye could reach, and in whatever direction, there were trees; and from these there came the unceasing singing of birds.
1	Far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	_
2	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	reach	reach	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	whatever	whatever	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
11	direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
13	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	14	expl	_	_
14	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
15	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
18	from	from	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	these	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	21	nsubj	_	_
20	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	19	advmod	_	_
21	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	unceasing	unceasing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	singing	singing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reach** | could | the eye |  |  |  |  | far *property* | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **be** | past | trees |  |  | direction; there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in direction=Location |
| 3 | **come** | past | these | the unceasing singing of birds |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location singing=Theme |
| 4 | **sing** |  |  | birds |  |  |  |  | nom singing «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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