---
title: And at that the champions gazed also, straining hungrily afar, until… — Irish Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: And at that the champions gazed also, straining hungrily afar, until their eyes became filled with a blue darkness and they could no longer see even the things that were close to them. Who acts: eyes, champions, things. A sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter VII. “What do you s
---

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# Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter VII. “What do you see?” Fionn demanded of the watcher, sentence 19

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And at that the champions gazed also, straining hungrily afar, until their eyes became filled with a blue darkness and they could no longer see even the things that were close to them.

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**Who acts:** eyes, champions, things · **What happens:** gaze, strain, become, fill, see, be · **To what, where:** things, champions

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This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter VII. “What do you see?” Fionn demanded of the watcher. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (eyes, champions, things), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2892:54:19
# text = And at that the champions gazed also, straining hungrily afar, until their eyes became filled with a blue darkness and they could no longer see even the things that were close to them.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	fixed	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	champions	champion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
6	gazed	gaze	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	also	also	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	straining	strain	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	advcl	_	_
10	hungrily	hungrily	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	afar	afar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
14	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
16	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
17	filled	fill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	xcomp	_	_
18	with	with	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	darkness	darkness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
23	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
24	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
25	no	no	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
26	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	27	advmod	_	_
27	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	conj	_	_
28	even	even	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	obl	_	_
31	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	33	nsubj	_	_
32	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	cop	_	_
33	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	acl:relcl	_	_
34	to	to	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gaze** | past |  |  |  |  |  | at the champions | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at champion=Theme |
| 2 | **strain** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | afar *property* | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **become** | past | champions's eyes |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **fill** | participle | champions's eyes *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with a blue darkness | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with darkness=Instrument |
| 5 | **see** | could | champions *= champion* | the things |  |  |  | long *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 6 | **is** | past | the things |  | champions *= champion* |  |  | close *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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