---
title: A wave fell on a ship and sunk it down with a thrust, stern as thoug… — Irish Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: A wave fell on a ship and sunk it down with a thrust, stern as though a whole sky had tumbled at it, and the barque did not cease to go down until it crashed and sank in the sand at the bottom of the sea. Who acts: wave, barque, frightened. A sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapte
---

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# Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter V. “Tell on, my love,” Finnian murmured, sentence 20

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A wave fell on a ship and sunk it down with a thrust, stern as though a whole sky had tumbled at it, and the barque did not cease to go down until it crashed and sank in the sand at the bottom of the sea.

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**Who acts:** wave, barque, frightened · **What happens:** fall, sunk down, tumble, not cease, go down, crash · **To what, where:** ship, frightened, whole sky, sand

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This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter V. “Tell on, my love,” Finnian murmured. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wave, barque, frightened), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2892:6:20
# text = A wave fell on a ship and sunk it down with a thrust, stern as though a whole sky had tumbled at it, and the barque did not cease to go down until it crashed and sank in the sand at the bottom of the sea.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wave	wave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	ship	ship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	sunk	sunk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	down	down	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	thrust	thrust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	stern	stern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
16	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
17	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj:pass	_	_
21	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	tumbled	tumble	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	advcl	_	_
23	at	at	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	barque	barque	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nsubj	_	_
29	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	aux	_	_
30	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	31	advmod	_	_
31	cease	cease	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
32	to	to	PART	TO	_	33	mark	_	_
33	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	31	xcomp	_	_
34	down	down	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
35	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	37	mark	_	_
36	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	nsubj	_	_
37	crashed	crash	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	advcl	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
39	sank	sink	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
40	in	in	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obl	_	_
43	at	at	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
44	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
45	bottom	bottom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obl	_	_
46	of	of	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
47	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	48	det	_	_
48	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | past | a wave |  |  | a ship |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on ship=Location |
| 2 | **sunk down** | infinitive | a wave *not said here* | frightened |  |  |  | with a thrust | tree rules |
| 3 | **tumble** | past · perfect · passive |  | a whole sky |  | frightened |  |  | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 4 | **not** **cease** | past · do-support | the barque |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 5 | **go down** | to-infinitive | the barque *not said here* |  |  |  |  | down *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 6 | **crash** | past | frightened |  |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 7 | **sink** | past | a wave *not said here* |  |  | the sand |  | at the bottom of the sea | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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