--- title: He grew more and more despondent, and less and less fitted to cope w… — Irish Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics description: He grew more and more despondent, and less and less fitted to cope with affairs of state, and one day he instructed his son Art to take the rule during his absence, and he set out for Ben Edair. Who acts: Ireland. A sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter II, with its dependency t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/63/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Irish Fairy Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/) / [Chapter II](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/63/) / 16 # Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter II, sentence 16 He grew more and more despondent, and less and less fitted to cope with affairs of state, and one day he instructed his son Art to take the rule during his absence, and he set out for Ben Edair. **Who acts:** Ireland · **What happens:** grow, fit, cope, instruct, take, set out · **To what, where:** son, rule · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter II. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ireland), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg2892:63:16 # text = He grew more and more despondent, and less and less fitted to cope with affairs of state, and one day he instructed his son Art to take the rule during his absence, and he set out for Ben Edair. 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 grew grow VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 more more ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 2 advmod _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 5 more more ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 6 advmod _ _ 6 despondent despondent ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 7 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 9 less less ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 12 advmod _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 11 less less ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 12 advmod _ _ 12 fitted fit VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 parataxis _ _ 13 to to PART TO _ 14 mark _ _ 14 cope cope VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 advcl _ _ 15 with with ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 affairs affair NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obl _ _ 17 of of ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 18 state state NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 19 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 21 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 22 nummod _ _ 22 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obl:unmarked _ _ 23 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ _ 24 instructed instruct VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 25 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ _ 26 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 27 Art Art PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 appos _ _ 28 to to PART TO _ 29 mark _ _ 29 take take VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 24 ccomp _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 rule rule NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obj _ _ 32 during during ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 34 nmod:poss _ _ 34 absence absence NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 35 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 37 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 nsubj _ _ 38 set set VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 39 out out ADP RP _ 38 compound:prt _ _ 40 for for ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 41 Ben Ben PROPN NNP Number=Sing 38 obl _ _ 42 Edair Edair PROPN NNP Number=Sing 41 flat _ SpaceAfter=No 43 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **grow** | past | Ireland | | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **fit** | participle | | | | | | less *property* | vn adjust-26.9 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **cope** | to-infinitive | | | | | | with affairs of state | vn cope-83-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with affair=Theme | | 4 | **instruct** *speech: other* | past | Ireland | Ireland's son | | | day | | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP how S\_INF»: agent=Agent son=Recipient clause=Topic | | 5 | **take** | to-infinitive | | the rule | | | during Ireland's absence | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Theme | | 6 | **set out** | past | Ireland | | | | | for Ben | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **absent** | | Ireland | | | | | | nom absence «state transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/63/15/) - next →: [sentence 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/63/17/) - ↑ back to [Chapter II](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/63/)