---
title: A cloak was laid gently about his shoulders, and he was glad of it,… — Irish Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: A cloak was laid gently about his shoulders, and he was glad of it, for his own was soiled by exposure to sun and wind and water, and was not worthy of a lady’s eye. Who acts: King, exposure. A sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter VI, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics
---

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# Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter VI, sentence 7

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A cloak was laid gently about his shoulders, and he was glad of it, for his own was soiled by exposure to sun and wind and water, and was not worthy of a lady’s eye.

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**Who acts:** King, exposure · **What happens:** lay, be, soil, not be · **To what, where:** cloak

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This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter VI. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King, exposure), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2892:67:7
# text = A cloak was laid gently about his shoulders, and he was glad of it, for his own was soiled by exposure to sun and wind and water, and was not worthy of a lady’s eye.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cloak	cloak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	laid	lay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	gently	gently	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	about	about	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	shoulders	shoulder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	glad	glad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
17	for	for	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	obl	_	_
20	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux:pass	_	_
21	soiled	soil	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
22	by	by	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	exposure	exposure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
24	to	to	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
32	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	34	cop	_	_
33	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	34	advmod	_	_
34	worthy	worthy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	conj	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
36	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	lady	lady	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	’s	's	PART	POS	_	37	case	_	_
39	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | past · passive |  | a cloak |  |  |  | about King's shoulders; gently *property* | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme about shoulder=Destination |
| 2 | **is** | past | King |  |  |  |  | of cloak; glad *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **soil** | past · passive | exposure to sun and wind and water |  |  |  |  | for King's own | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **not** **is** | past | exposure to sun and wind and water *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of a lady's eye; worthy *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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- ↑ back to [Chapter VI](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/67/)