---
title: It was a woeful combat, for there was no craft or sagacity unknown t… — Irish Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: It was a woeful combat, for there was no craft or sagacity unknown to her, and Art would infallibly have perished by her hand but that her days were numbered, her star was out, and her time had come. Who acts: armour, craft, hand, star. A sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter X,
---

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# Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter X, sentence 28

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was a woeful combat, for there was no craft or sagacity unknown to her, and Art would infallibly have perished by her hand but that her days were numbered, her star was out, and her time had come.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** armour, craft, hand, star, time · **What happens:** be, perish, number, come · **To what, where:** woeful combat, Art, days

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter X. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (armour, craft, hand, star), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2892:71:28
# text = It was a woeful combat, for there was no craft or sagacity unknown to her, and Art would infallibly have perished by her hand but that her days were numbered, her star was out, and her time had come.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	woeful	woeful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	combat	combat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	9	expl	_	_
9	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
10	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	11	det	_	_
11	craft	craft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	sagacity	sagacity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
14	unknown	unknown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
19	Art	Art	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	nsubj:pass	_	_
20	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
21	infallibly	infallibly	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
22	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	aux	_	_
23	perished	perish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	parataxis	_	_
24	by	by	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
27	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	43	cc	_	_
28	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
29	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	30	nmod:poss	_	_
30	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	nsubj:pass	_	_
31	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	aux:pass	_	_
32	numbered	number	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	43	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
34	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	35	nmod:poss	_	_
35	star	star	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nsubj	_	_
36	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	37	cop	_	_
37	out	out	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
39	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	43	cc	_	_
40	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	41	nmod:poss	_	_
41	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	nsubj	_	_
42	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	43	aux	_	_
43	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	26	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | armour | a woeful combat |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** | past | no craft or sagacity |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **perish** | would · perfect · passive | girl's hand | Art |  |  |  | infallibly *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **number** | past · passive |  | girl's days |  |  |  |  | vn classify-29.10 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 5 | **is** | past | girl's star |  |  |  |  | out *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **come** | past · perfect | girl's time |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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