---
title: “I begin to think that you own a lucky tongue, my black-faced friend… — Irish Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: “I begin to think that you own a lucky tongue, my black-faced friend,” said Mongan, “and I will go with you.” Who acts: I, you, Mongan. A sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter IX, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter IX, sentence 17

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“I begin to think that you own a lucky tongue, my black-faced friend,” said Mongan, “and I will go with you.”

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**Who acts:** I, you, Mongan · **What happens:** begin, think, own, say, go · **To what, where:** lucky tongue · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter IX. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, you, Mongan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2892:80:17
# text = “I begin to think that you own a lucky tongue, my black-faced friend,” said Mongan, “and I will go with you.”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	begin	begin	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	ccomp	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	think	think	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	own	own	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	lucky	lucky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	tongue	tongue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
14	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	faced	faced	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
20	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
21	Mongan	Mongan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
23	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
25	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
26	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
27	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	ccomp	_	_
28	with	with	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	27	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** *in a quote* | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **think** *speech: other* *in a quote* | to-infinitive | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **own** *in a quote* | present | you | a lucky tongue and my faced friend |  |  |  |  | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot tongue=Theme |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Mongan |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **go** *in a quote* | future | Mongan |  |  |  |  | with you | vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent with you=Beneficiary |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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