---
title: He saw then over Duv Laca’s shoulder a little black-faced, tufty-hea… — Irish Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: He saw then over Duv Laca’s shoulder a little black-faced, tufty-headed cleric leaning against the door-post inside the room. Who acts: Duv, little faced headed cleric. A sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter IX, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter IX, sentence 3

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He saw then over Duv Laca’s shoulder a little black-faced, tufty-headed cleric leaning against the door-post inside the room.

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**Who acts:** Duv, little faced headed cleric · **What happens:** see, lean · **To what, where:** little faced headed cleric, shoulder, room

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This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter IX. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Duv, little faced headed cleric), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2892:80:3
# text = He saw then over Duv Laca’s shoulder a little black-faced, tufty-headed cleric leaning against the door-post inside the room.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
4	over	over	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	Duv	Duv	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	_
6	Laca	Laca	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	’s	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
8	shoulder	shoulder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
10	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
11	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	faced	faced	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
15	tufty	tufty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	headed	headed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	cleric	cleric	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
19	leaning	lean	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	18	acl	_	_
20	against	against	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
22	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	post	post	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
25	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | Duv | a little faced headed cleric |  | Duv's shoulder | then |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cleric=Stimulus |
| 2 | **lean** | gerund | a little faced headed cleric *not said here* |  |  | the room |  | against the door post | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent against post=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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