---
title: It is a bee, lost at midnight and buzzing on a pane. — Irish Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: It is a bee, lost at midnight and buzzing on a pane. Who acts: sun. A sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter XVIII, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter XVIII, sentence 18

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It is a bee, lost at midnight and buzzing on a pane.

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**Who acts:** sun · **What happens:** be, lose, buzz · **To what, where:** bee, pane

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This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter XVIII. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sun), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2892:89:18
# text = It is a bee, lost at midnight and buzzing on a pane.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bee	bee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	midnight	midnight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	buzzing	buzz	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	conj	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	pane	pane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | sun | a bee |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **lose** | participle |  | a bee *not said here* |  |  | midnight |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **buzz** | gerund |  |  |  | a pane |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on pane=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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