---
title: "Nay!" answered the man, "'twas a thoughtless speech, and a sad mist… — The Fairy Tales of Charles Perrault · tree and pragmatics
description: "Nay!" answered the man, "'twas a thoughtless speech, and a sad mistake; but I shall now be on my guard, and shall do better next time." Who acts: man, guard. A sentence of «The Fairy Tales of Charles Perrault» by Charles Perrault, Towards Her"], with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every 
---

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# The Fairy Tales of Charles Perrault, Towards Her"\], sentence 7

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Nay!" answered the man, "'twas a thoughtless speech, and a sad mistake; but I shall now be on my guard, and shall do better next time."

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** man, guard · **What happens:** answer, be, do · **To what, where:** guard · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Fairy Tales of Charles Perrault» by Charles Perrault, Towards Her"\]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, guard), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg29021:15:7
# text = "Nay!" answered the man, "'twas a thoughtless speech, and a sad mistake; but I shall now be on my guard, and shall do better next time."
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Nay	nay	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
5	answered	answer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	twas	twa	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	appos	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	thoughtless	thoughtless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	mistake	mistake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	_
21	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
22	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
23	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
24	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	28	advmod	_	_
25	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	cop	_	_
26	on	on	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	guard	guard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
31	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
32	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	acl:relcl	_	_
33	better	well	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	32	advmod	_	_
34	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | the man |  |  |  |  |  | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | shall | the man *= man* |  |  | my guard | now |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **do** *in a quote* | shall | my guard *not said here* |  |  |  | time | well *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Fairy Tales of Charles Perrault» by Charles Perrault, Project Gutenberg book 29021 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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