---
title: One of his friends, a boy called Beaurain, espoused his cause, and f… — The Fairy Tales of Charles Perrault · tree and pragmatics
description: One of his friends, a boy called Beaurain, espoused his cause, and for the next three or four years the two read together, haphazard, in the Luxembourg Gardens. Who acts: One, cause. A sentence of «The Fairy Tales of Charles Perrault» by Charles Perrault, "he Thought the Princess Was His Queen" 143,
---

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# The Fairy Tales of Charles Perrault, "he Thought the Princess Was His Queen" 143, sentence 19

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One of his friends, a boy called Beaurain, espoused his cause, and for the next three or four years the two read together, haphazard, in the Luxembourg Gardens.

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**Who acts:** One, cause · **What happens:** call, espouse, read, cause · **To what, where:** boy, cause, haphazard, Luxembourg Gardens · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Fairy Tales of Charles Perrault» by Charles Perrault, "he Thought the Princess Was His Queen" 143. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (One, cause), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg29021:6:19
# text = One of his friends, a boy called Beaurain, espoused his cause, and for the next three or four years the two read together, haphazard, in the Luxembourg Gardens.
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
8	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	Beaurain	Beaurain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
11	espoused	espouse	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	cause	cause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
18	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
19	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	22	nummod	_	_
20	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	19	conj	_	_
22	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obl	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	22	appos	_	_
25	read	read	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
26	together	together	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
28	haphazard	haphazard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
30	in	in	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
32	Luxembourg	Luxembourg	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	compound	_	_
33	Gardens	Garden	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | participle |  | a boy *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **espouse** | past | One | cause's cause |  |  |  | of cause's friends and a boy | tree rules |
| 3 | **read** | present | One *not said here* | haphazard |  | the Luxembourg Gardens | year | together *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **cause** |  | cause |  |  |  |  |  | nom cause «event transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Fairy Tales of Charles Perrault» by Charles Perrault, Project Gutenberg book 29021 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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