---
title: Then the Tsar went a-hunting, and saw it swimming in the water, and… — Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Then the Tsar went a-hunting, and saw it swimming in the water, and it was so close that he could touch it with his hand. Who acts: Tsar, hunting, water. A sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Story of Unlucky Daniel, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, The Story of Unlucky Daniel, sentence 116

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then the Tsar went a-hunting, and saw it swimming in the water, and it was so close that he could touch it with his hand.

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**Who acts:** Tsar, hunting, water · **What happens:** go, see, swim, be, touch · **To what, where:** hunting, water

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This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Story of Unlucky Daniel. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tsar, hunting, water), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg29672:10:116
# text = Then the Tsar went a-hunting, and saw it swimming in the water, and it was so close that he could touch it with his hand.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Tsar	Tsar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	hunting	hunting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	swimming	swim	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	xcomp	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
19	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
20	so	so	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	parataxis	_	_
22	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
23	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
24	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
25	touch	touch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	advcl	_	_
26	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	obj	_	_
27	with	with	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | the Tsar | a hunting |  |  | then |  | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location hunting=Theme |
| 2 | **see** | past | the Tsar *not said here* | hunting |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **swim** | gerund | hunting *not said here* |  |  | the water |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in water=Trajectory |
| 4 | **is** | past | water |  |  |  |  | close *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **touch** | could | Tsar | water |  |  |  | with Tsar's hand | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent it=Theme with hand=Instrument |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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