---
title: A sparrow once flew down upon a bush and said, "Little bush, give go… — Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: A sparrow once flew down upon a bush and said, "Little bush, give good little sparrow a swing."--"I won't!" said the little bush. Who acts: sparrow, little bush. A sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Sparrow and the Bush, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, The Sparrow and the Bush, sentence 1

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sparrow once flew down upon a bush and said, "Little bush, give good little sparrow a swing."--"I won't!" said the little bush.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** sparrow, little bush · **What happens:** fly down, say, give · **To what, where:** bush, good little sparrow · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Sparrow and the Bush. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sparrow, little bush), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg29672:11:1
# text = A sparrow once flew down upon a bush and said, "Little bush, give good little sparrow a swing."--"I won't!" said the little bush.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sparrow	sparrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	4	advmod	_	_
4	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	down	down	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	bush	bush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	Little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	bush	bush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	give	give	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
17	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
18	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	sparrow	sparrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	swing	swing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
27	wo	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	31	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	27	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	27	punct	_	_
31	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
33	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	bush	bush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly down** | past | a sparrow |  |  | a bush |  | down, once *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon bush=Location |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | a sparrow *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **give** *in a quote* | present | a sparrow *not said here* | good little sparrow |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent sparrow=Recipient swing=Theme |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the little bush |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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