---
title: _ Big billy-goats, the name given by the clean-shaved Ruthenians to… — Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: _ Big billy-goats, the name given by the clean-shaved Ruthenians to their hairy neighbours the Russians. A sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Tsar and the Angel, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, The Tsar and the Angel, sentence 192

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\_ Big billy-goats, the name given by the clean-shaved Ruthenians to their hairy neighbours the Russians.

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**What happens:** give, shave · **To what, where:** name, hairy neighbours

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This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Tsar and the Angel. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg29672:19:192
# text = _ Big billy-goats, the name given by the clean-shaved Ruthenians to their hairy neighbours the Russians.
1	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	5	punct	_	_
2	Big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
3	billy	billy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	goats	goat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
9	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
12	clean	clean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	shaved	shave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	amod	_	_
15	Ruthenians	Ruthenian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	9	obl:agent	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
18	hairy	hairy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	neighbours	neighbour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	Russians	Russian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | participle |  | the name *not said here* | Ruthenians's hairy neighbours and the Russians |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to neighbour=Recipient |
| 2 | **shave** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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