---
title: At last the perch swam ashore, and there was a Tsarivna[5] whittling… — Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: At last the perch swam ashore, and there was a Tsarivna[5] whittling an ash twig. Who acts: last perch, Tsarivna. A sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Oh: the Tsar of the Forest, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, Oh: the Tsar of the Forest, sentence 148

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At last the perch swam ashore, and there was a Tsarivna\[5\] whittling an ash twig.

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**Who acts:** last perch, Tsarivna · **What happens:** swim, be, whittle · **To what, where:** ash twig

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This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Oh: the Tsar of the Forest. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (last perch, Tsarivna), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg29672:2:148
# text = At last the perch swam ashore, and there was a Tsarivna[5] whittling an ash twig.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	perch	perch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	swam	swim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	ashore	ashore	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	10	expl	_	_
10	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Tsarivna	Tsarivna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	[	[	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	12	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	]	]	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	14	punct	_	_
16	whittling	whittle	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	acl	_	_
17	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	ash	ash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	twig	twig	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swim** | past | the last perch |  |  |  |  | ashore *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **be** | past | a Tsarivna |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **whittle** | gerund | a Tsarivna *not said here* | a ash twig |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent twig=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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