---
title: We had as much as we could do before to make both ends meet," cried… — Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: We had as much as we could do before to make both ends meet," cried she, "and now we have old men to keep into the bargain." Who acts: We, ends. A sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Two Princes, part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, The Two Princes, part 1, sentence 69

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We had as much as we could do before to make both ends meet," cried she, "and now we have old men to keep into the bargain."

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** We, ends · **What happens:** have, do, make, meet, cry, keep · **To what, where:** much, end, old men, bargain · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Two Princes, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (We, ends), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg29672:22:69
# text = We had as much as we could do before to make both ends meet," cried she, "and now we have old men to keep into the bargain."
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	as	as	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	obj	_	_
5	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	_
9	before	before	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
12	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	13	det	_	_
13	ends	end	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
14	meet	meet	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	_
17	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
18	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
20	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
22	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	24	advmod	_	_
23	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	conj	_	_
25	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obj	_	_
27	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
28	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	advcl	_	_
29	into	into	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	bargain	bargain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | We | much |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | could | we |  |  |  |  | before *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **make** | to-infinitive | we *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **meet** | present | both ends |  |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **cry** *speech: express* *in a quote* | past |  | end |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Topic |
| 6 | **have** | present | we | old men |  |  | now |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Patient |
| 7 | **keep** | to-infinitive | we *not said here* |  |  | the bargain |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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