---
title: He went on till he came to an apple-tree, and beneath the apple-tree… — Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: He went on till he came to an apple-tree, and beneath the apple-tree a fire was burning, and he stopped to warm himself, when an old woman came up and said to him, "Dear little gentleman! dear little gentleman! tie up that dog lest he bite me." Who acts: brother, fire, old woman, Dear little gentlem
---

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# Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, The Two Princes, part 1, sentence 7

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He went on till he came to an apple-tree, and beneath the apple-tree a fire was burning, and he stopped to warm himself, when an old woman came up and said to him, "Dear little gentleman! dear little gentleman! tie up that dog lest he bite me."

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**Who acts:** brother, fire, old woman, Dear little gentleman · **What happens:** go on, come, burn, stop, warm, come up · **To what, where:** apple tree, brother, dog · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Two Princes, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (brother, fire, old woman, Dear little gentleman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg29672:22:7
# text = He went on till he came to an apple-tree, and beneath the apple-tree a fire was burning, and he stopped to warm himself, when an old woman came up and said to him, "Dear little gentleman! dear little gentleman! tie up that dog lest he bite me."
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	till	till	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	apple	apple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
14	beneath	beneath	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
16	apple	apple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
21	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	burning	burn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
25	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
26	stopped	stop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
27	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
28	warm	warm	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	xcomp	_	_
29	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	28	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
31	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	35	mark	_	_
32	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
33	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	nsubj	_	_
35	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	conj	_	_
36	up	up	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
38	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
39	to	to	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	38	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
42	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	45	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	Dear	dear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	45	amod	_	_
44	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	45	amod	_	_
45	gentleman	gentleman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	51	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	49	punct	_	_
47	dear	dear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	49	amod	_	_
48	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	49	amod	_	_
49	gentleman	gentleman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	49	punct	_	_
51	tie	tie	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	38	ccomp	_	_
52	up	up	ADP	RP	_	51	compound:prt	_	_
53	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	54	det	_	_
54	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	51	obj	_	_
55	lest	lest	SCONJ	IN	_	57	mark	_	_
56	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	57	nsubj	_	_
57	bite	bite	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	51	advcl	_	_
58	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	57	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
59	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
60	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go on** | past | brother |  |  |  |  |  | vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **come** | past | brother |  |  | a apple tree |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to tree=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **burn** | past · progressive | a fire |  |  | the apple tree |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme beneath tree=Location |
| 4 | **stop** | past | brother |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 5 | **warm** | to-infinitive | brother *not said here* | brother |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent himself=Patient |
| 6 | **come up** | past | a old woman |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **say** *speech: express* | past | brother *not said here* |  | brother |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to he=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 8 | **tie up** *in a quote* | present | Dear little gentleman | that dog |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dog=Patient |
| 9 | **bite** *in a quote* | infinitive | brother | brother |  |  |  |  | vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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