---
title: He waved his kerchief, and immediately a steep mountain--oh, so stee… — Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: He waved his kerchief, and immediately a steep mountain--oh, so steep!--lay betwixt them. Who acts: foal. A sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Magic Egg, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, The Magic Egg, sentence 175

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He waved his kerchief, and immediately a steep mountain--oh, so steep!--lay betwixt them.

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**Who acts:** foal · **What happens:** wave, lay · **To what, where:** kerchief

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This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Magic Egg. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (foal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg29672:24:175
# text = He waved his kerchief, and immediately a steep mountain--oh, so steep!--lay betwixt them.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	waved	wave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	kerchief	kerchief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	immediately	immediately	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	steep	steep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	oh	oh	INTJ	UH	_	10	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	so	so	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	steep	steep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	lay	lay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
19	betwixt	betwixt	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	xcomp	_	_
20	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wave** | past | foal | foal's kerchief |  |  |  |  | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kerchief=Patient |
| 2 | **lay** | infinitive | foal *not said here* |  |  |  |  | betwixt *property* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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