---
title: He himself it was who took his daughter's ring and flew over the sea… — Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: He himself it was who took his daughter's ring and flew over the sea early this morning, and dropped it in the water. Who acts: Ivan. A sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Story of the Unlucky Days, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, The Story of the Unlucky Days, part 2, sentence 14

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He himself it was who took his daughter's ring and flew over the sea early this morning, and dropped it in the water.

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**Who acts:** Ivan · **What happens:** be, fly, drop · **To what, where:** sea, ring, water

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This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Story of the Unlucky Days, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ivan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg29672:26:14
# text = He himself it was who took his daughter's ring and flew over the sea early this morning, and dropped it in the water.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
2	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Emp|Reflex=Yes	1	nmod:unmarked	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	conj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	's	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	ring	ring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
13	over	over	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	early	early	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	12	advmod	_	_
17	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	18	det	_	_
18	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	dropped	drop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obj	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Ivan |  |  |  |  | take *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **fly** | past | Ivan *not said here* |  |  | the sea | morning | early *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over sea=Location |
| 3 | **drop** | past | Ivan *not said here* | ring |  | the water |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme in water=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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