---
title: So he went toward that tsardom, and presently he saw not very far fr… — Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: So he went toward that tsardom, and presently he saw not very far from the roadside, a swineherd tending swine; he was tending swine, but he himself sat upon a tomb. " Who acts: Ivan, swineherd. A sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Story of the Unlucky Days, part 3, with its depen
---

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# Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, The Story of the Unlucky Days, part 3, sentence 53

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
So he went toward that tsardom, and presently he saw not very far from the roadside, a swineherd tending swine; he was tending swine, but he himself sat upon a tomb. "

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Ivan, swineherd · **What happens:** go, not see, tend, sit · **To what, where:** tsardom, roadside, swine, tomb

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Story of the Unlucky Days, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ivan, swineherd), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg29672:27:53
# text = So he went toward that tsardom, and presently he saw not very far from the roadside, a swineherd tending swine; he was tending swine, but he himself sat upon a tomb. "
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	toward	toward	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
6	tsardom	tsardom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	presently	presently	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
13	very	very	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	11	advmod	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	roadside	roadside	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	swineherd	swineherd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	appos	_	_
21	tending	tend	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	20	acl	_	_
22	swine	swine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
24	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
25	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	tending	tend	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
27	swine	swine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
29	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
30	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
31	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Emp|Reflex=Yes	30	nmod:unmarked	_	_
32	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
33	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	tomb	tomb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
37	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | Ivan |  |  | that tsardom |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme toward tsardom=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **not** **see** | past | Ivan |  |  | the roadside |  | far, presently *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **tend** | gerund | a swineherd *not said here* | swine |  |  |  |  | vn caring-75.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent swine=Theme |
| 4 | **tend** | past · progressive | Ivan | swine |  |  |  |  | vn caring-75.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent swine=Theme |
| 5 | **sit** | past | Ivan |  |  | a tomb |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent upon tomb=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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