---
title: And when the huntsman had spoken so far, the horse on which he sat b… — Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: And when the huntsman had spoken so far, the horse on which he sat became stone right up to the breast. Who acts: horse. A sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Voices At the Window, part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg29672/4/49/)

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# Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, The Voices At the Window, part 1, sentence 49

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And when the huntsman had spoken so far, the horse on which he sat became stone right up to the breast.

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**Who acts:** horse · **What happens:** speak, sit, become · **To what, where:** huntsman, stone · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Voices At the Window, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (horse), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg29672:4:49
# text = And when the huntsman had spoken so far, the horse on which he sat became stone right up to the breast.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	6	mark	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	huntsman	huntsman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	parataxis	_	_
12	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	obl	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
16	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
17	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	xcomp	_	_
18	right	right	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	up	up	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	breast	breast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past · perfect · passive |  | the huntsman |  |  |  | far *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **sit** | past | horse |  |  |  |  | on the horse; up the breast | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on which=Location |
| 3 | **become** | past | horse *not said here* | stone |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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