---
title: And with these words he leaped from the horse, and the horse became… — Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: And with these words he leaped from the horse, and the horse became stone right up to its neck. " Who acts: horse. A sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Voices At the Window, part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, The Voices At the Window, part 1, sentence 52

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And with these words he leaped from the horse, and the horse became stone right up to its neck. "

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**Who acts:** horse · **What happens:** leap, become · **To what, where:** stone

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This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Voices At the Window, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (horse), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg29672:4:52
# text = And with these words he leaped from the horse, and the horse became stone right up to its neck. "
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	4	det	_	_
4	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	leaped	leap	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
15	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	xcomp	_	_
16	right	right	ADV	RB	_	20	cc	_	_
17	up	up	ADP	IN	_	16	fixed	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	neck	neck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
22	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leap** | past | horse |  |  |  |  | with this words; from the horse | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from horse=Trajectory |
| 2 | **become** | past | the horse | stone |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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