---
title: For though he was a Tsar, he had a mean and churlish soul, and used… — Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: For though he was a Tsar, he had a mean and churlish soul, and used always to do his own marketing, and so now, too, he bought a little salt fish and went home with it. Who acts: TSAR. A sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Voices At the Window, part 1, with its dependency tree and 
---

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# Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, The Voices At the Window, part 1, sentence 57

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For though he was a Tsar, he had a mean and churlish soul, and used always to do his own marketing, and so now, too, he bought a little salt fish and went home with it.

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**Who acts:** TSAR · **What happens:** be, have, use, do, buy, go · **To what, where:** mean soul, own marketing, little salt fish

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This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Voices At the Window, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (TSAR), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg29672:4:57
# text = For though he was a Tsar, he had a mean and churlish soul, and used always to do his own marketing, and so now, too, he bought a little salt fish and went home with it.
1	For	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
2	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Tsar	Tsar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
11	mean	mean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	churlish	churlish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	conj	_	_
14	soul	soul	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
18	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	17	advmod	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	advcl	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
22	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	marketing	marketing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
26	so	so	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
27	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	32	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
29	too	too	ADV	RB	_	27	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
32	bought	buy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	parataxis	_	_
33	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
34	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
35	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	compound	_	_
36	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
38	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	conj	_	_
39	home	home	ADV	RB	_	38	advmod	_	_
40	with	with	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
41	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	38	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | TSAR |  |  |  |  | for a Tsar | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | past | TSAR | a mean soul |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent soul=Patient |
| 3 | **use** | past | TSAR *not said here* |  |  |  |  | always *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **do** | to-infinitive | TSAR *not said here* | TSAR's own marketing |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent marketing=Eventuality |
| 5 | **buy** | past | TSAR | a little salt fish |  |  | now |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fish=Theme |
| 6 | **go** | past | TSAR *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with fish; home *property* | vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent with it=Beneficiary |
| 7 | **market** |  | TSAR |  |  |  |  |  | nom marketing «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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