---
title: Hail, little Tsar Novishny!" cried the humble-bee.--"Hail, little hu… — Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Hail, little Tsar Novishny!" cried the humble-bee.--"Hail, little humble-bee!" said the little Tsar.--"Say, friends, are you here by your leave or against your leave?"--"Alas! little humble-bumble-bee, 'tis not with my leave I have been brought hither, but against my leave, as thou mayst see for thy
---

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# Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, The Voices At the Window, part 2, sentence 4

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hail, little Tsar Novishny!" cried the humble-bee.--"Hail, little humble-bee!" said the little Tsar.--"Say, friends, are you here by your leave or against your leave?"--"Alas! little humble-bumble-bee, 'tis not with my leave I have been brought hither, but against my leave, as thou mayst see for thyself."--"Then sit on my back," said the bee, "and I'll carry you away."--"But, dear little humble-bumble-bee, if a horse couldn't save us, how will you?"--"I cannot tell till I try," said the humble-bee. "

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Hail, friends, thou, bee, I, horse · **What happens:** cry, say, be, bring, see, sit · **To what, where:** humble bee, I, back, you, us · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Voices At the Window, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hail, friends, thou, bee), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg29672:5:4
# text = Hail, little Tsar Novishny!" cried the humble-bee.--"Hail, little humble-bee!" said the little Tsar.--"Say, friends, are you here by your leave or against your leave?"--"Alas! little humble-bumble-bee, 'tis not with my leave I have been brought hither, but against my leave, as thou mayst see for thyself."--"Then sit on my back," said the bee, "and I'll carry you away."--"But, dear little humble-bumble-bee, if a horse couldn't save us, how will you?"--"I cannot tell till I try," said the humble-bee. "
1	Hail	hail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	Tsar	Tsar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	Novishny	Novishny	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
8	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	humble	humble	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	bee	bee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	Hail	hail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
19	humble	humble	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	bee	bee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	21	punct	_	_
24	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	Tsar	Tsar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	33	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	Say	say	INTJ	UH	_	33	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
33	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
35	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	37	cop	_	_
36	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	37	nsubj	_	_
37	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	24	ccomp	_	_
38	by	by	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	40	nmod:poss	_	_
40	leave	leave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	_
41	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
42	against	against	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
43	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	44	nmod:poss	_	_
44	leave	leave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	37	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	37	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	49	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	49	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	Alas	alas	INTJ	UH	_	56	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	49	punct	_	_
51	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	56	amod	_	_
52	humble	humble	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	56	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	52	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	bumble	bumble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	56	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
55	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	54	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
56	bee	bee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
57	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	59	punct	_	_
58	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	59	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
59	tis	tis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	56	conj	_	_
60	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	63	advmod	_	_
61	with	with	ADP	IN	_	63	case	_	_
62	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	63	nmod:poss	_	_
63	leave	leave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	59	nmod	_	_
64	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	67	nsubj	_	_
65	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	67	aux	_	_
66	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	67	aux:pass	_	_
67	brought	bring	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	63	acl:relcl	_	_
68	hither	hither	ADV	RB	_	67	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
69	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	73	punct	_	_
70	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	73	cc	_	_
71	against	against	ADP	IN	_	73	case	_	_
72	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	73	nmod:poss	_	_
73	leave	leave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
74	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	78	punct	_	_
75	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	78	mark	_	_
76	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	78	nsubj	_	_
77	mayst	may	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	78	aux	_	_
78	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	parataxis	_	_
79	for	for	ADP	IN	_	80	case	_	_
80	thyself	thyself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes|Style=Arch	78	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
81	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	78	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
82	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	78	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
83	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	86	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
84	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	86	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
85	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	86	advmod	_	_
86	sit	sit	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
87	on	on	ADP	IN	_	89	case	_	_
88	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	89	nmod:poss	_	_
89	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	86	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
90	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	86	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
91	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	86	punct	_	_
92	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
93	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	94	det	_	_
94	bee	bee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	92	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
95	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	92	punct	_	_
96	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
97	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	100	cc	_	_
98	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	100	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
99	'll	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	100	aux	_	_
100	carry	carry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
101	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	100	obj	_	_
102	away	away	ADV	RB	_	100	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
103	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	100	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
104	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	100	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
105	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	115	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
106	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	115	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
107	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	115	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
108	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	115	punct	_	_
109	dear	dear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	115	amod	_	_
110	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	115	amod	_	_
111	humble	humble	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	115	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
112	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	113	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
113	bumble	bumble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	115	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
114	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	113	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
115	bee	bee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
116	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	122	punct	_	_
117	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	122	mark	_	_
118	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	119	det	_	_
119	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	122	nsubj	_	_
120	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	122	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
121	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	122	advmod	_	_
122	save	save	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
123	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	122	iobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
124	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	126	punct	_	_
125	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	126	advmod	_	_
126	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	122	advcl	_	_
127	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	126	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
128	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	122	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
129	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	122	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
130	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	135	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
131	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	135	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
132	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	135	nsubj	_	_
133	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	135	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
134	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	135	advmod	_	_
135	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	parataxis	_	_
136	till	till	SCONJ	IN	_	138	mark	_	_
137	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	138	nsubj	_	_
138	try	try	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	135	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
139	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	138	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
140	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	135	punct	_	_
141	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
142	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	145	det	_	_
143	humble	humble	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	145	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
144	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	143	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
145	bee	bee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	141	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
146	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
147	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cry** *speech: express* *in a quote* | past | Hail | the humble bee |  |  |  | against my leave; dear little humble bumble bee *obl* | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | Hail |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present | friends |  |  |  |  | by your leave or your leave; here *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **bring** | present · perfect · passive |  | I |  |  |  | hither *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Destination |
| 5 | **see** | may | thou |  |  |  |  | for thyself | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 6 | **sit** | infinitive |  |  |  | my back | then |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on back=Location |
| 7 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | the bee |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **carry away** | future | I | you |  |  |  | away *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |
| 9 | **not** **save** *a condition, not said to happen* | could | a horse |  | us |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Theme |
| 10 | **not** **tell** *speech: assert* | can | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 11 | **try** | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 12 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | the humble bee |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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