---
title: And when he went out into the courtyard for more water, the starling… — Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: And when he went out into the courtyard for more water, the starling said to him, "Not so fast, not so fast, little Tsar Novishny, for thy dogs have gnawed their way through four doors!" Who acts: Tsar, starling. A sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Voices At the Window, part 3, w
---

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# Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, The Voices At the Window, part 3, sentence 19

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And when he went out into the courtyard for more water, the starling said to him, "Not so fast, not so fast, little Tsar Novishny, for thy dogs have gnawed their way through four doors!"

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**Who acts:** Tsar, starling · **What happens:** go out, say, gnaw · **To what, where:** courtyard, Tsar, dogs, four doors · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Voices At the Window, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tsar, starling), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg29672:6:19
# text = And when he went out into the courtyard for more water, the starling said to him, "Not so fast, not so fast, little Tsar Novishny, for thy dogs have gnawed their way through four doors!"
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	out	out	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	courtyard	courtyard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	11	amod	_	_
11	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	starling	starling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	22	advmod	_	_
21	so	so	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
22	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	15	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	26	advmod	_	_
25	so	so	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
26	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
28	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	Tsar	Tsar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	_
30	Novishny	Novishny	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
32	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	36	mark	_	_
33	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	nsubj:pass	_	_
35	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	36	aux	_	_
36	gnawed	gnaw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	conj	_	_
37	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	38	nmod:poss	_	_
38	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obj	_	_
39	through	through	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	41	nummod	_	_
41	doors	door	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	36	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go out** | past | Tsar |  |  | the courtyard for more water |  | out *property* | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **say** *speech: express* | past | the starling |  | Tsar |  |  | fast *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to he=Recipient |
| 3 | **gnaw** *in a quote* | present · perfect · passive |  | thy dogs |  | four doors |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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