---
title: But the little fox was artful, and taking the little hare on his sho… — Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: But the little fox was artful, and taking the little hare on his shoulder, he trotted off to the forest. Who acts: little fox, fox. A sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Voices At the Window, part 4, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, The Voices At the Window, part 4, sentence 22

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But the little fox was artful, and taking the little hare on his shoulder, he trotted off to the forest.

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**Who acts:** little fox, fox · **What happens:** be, take, trot off · **To what, where:** little hare, shoulder, forest

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This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Voices At the Window, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (little fox, fox), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg29672:7:22
# text = But the little fox was artful, and taking the little hare on his shoulder, he trotted off to the forest.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	fox	fox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	artful	artful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	taking	take	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	hare	hare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	shoulder	shoulder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	trotted	trot	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
19	off	off	ADP	RP	_	18	compound:prt	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the little fox |  |  |  |  | artful *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **take** | gerund | the little fox *not said here* | the little hare |  | fox's shoulder |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent hare=Theme on shoulder=Destination |
| 3 | **trot off** | past | fox |  |  | the forest |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to forest=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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