--- title: Once upon a time in a certain village there lived two neighbours; on… — Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales · tree and pragmatics description: Once upon a time in a certain village there lived two neighbours; one was rich, very rich, and the other so poor that he had nothing in the world but a little hut, and that was tumbling about his ears. Who acts: one, other, he, that. A sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Vampire an --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg29672/8/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg29672/) / [The Vampire and St Michael](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg29672/8/) / 1 # Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, The Vampire and St Michael, sentence 1 Once upon a time in a certain village there lived two neighbours; one was rich, very rich, and the other so poor that he had nothing in the world but a little hut, and that was tumbling about his ears. **Who acts:** one, other, he, that · **What happens:** live, be, have, tumble · **To what, where:** two neighbours, nothing, world This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Vampire and St Michael. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one, other, he, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg29672:8:1 # text = Once upon a time in a certain village there lived two neighbours; one was rich, very rich, and the other so poor that he had nothing in the world but a little hut, and that was tumbling about his ears. 1 Once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 10 advmod _ _ 2 upon upon ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 7 certain certain ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 village village NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 9 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 8 advmod _ _ 10 lived live VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 11 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 12 nummod _ _ 12 neighbours neighbour NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 13 ; ; PUNCT : _ 16 punct _ _ 14 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 16 nsubj _ _ 15 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 cop _ _ 16 rich rich ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 17 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 18 very very ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ _ 19 rich rich ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 20 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 nsubj _ _ 24 so so ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 25 poor poor ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 conj _ _ 26 that that SCONJ IN _ 28 mark _ _ 27 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 28 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 25 advcl _ _ 29 nothing nothing PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Neg 28 obj _ _ 30 in in ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 world world NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nmod _ _ 33 but but CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 34 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 35 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 36 amod _ _ 36 hut hut NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 37 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 38 and and CCONJ CC _ 41 cc _ _ 39 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 41 nsubj _ _ 40 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 41 aux _ _ 41 tumbling tumble VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 10 advcl _ _ 42 about about ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 43 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 44 nmod:poss _ _ 44 ears ear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 41 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 45 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **live** | past | | two neighbours | | | time | once *property* | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme neighbour=Location | | 2 | **is** | past | one | | | | | rich *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **be** | | one *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **be** | | the other | | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **have** | past | he | nothing | | the world | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Patient | | 6 | **tumble** | past · progressive | that | | | | | about his ears | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [The Voices At the Window, pa…, 29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg29672/7/29/) - next →: [sentence 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg29672/8/2/) - ↑ back to [The Vampire and St Michael](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg29672/8/)