---
title: He took upon himself the repayment of a silver rouble, which I lent… — Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: He took upon himself the repayment of a silver rouble, which I lent to the son of a pig, who has since gone away and died. Who acts: man, I, son. A sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Vampire and St Michael, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, The Vampire and St Michael, sentence 27

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He took upon himself the repayment of a silver rouble, which I lent to the son of a pig, who has since gone away and died.

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**Who acts:** man, I, son · **What happens:** take, lend, go away, die, repay · **To what, where:** repayment, silver rouble, son

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This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Vampire and St Michael. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, I, son), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg29672:8:27
# text = He took upon himself the repayment of a silver rouble, which I lent to the son of a pig, who has since gone away and died.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	2	obl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	repayment	repayment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	silver	silver	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	rouble	rouble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	obj	_	_
13	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	lent	lend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	pig	pig	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	25	nsubj	_	_
23	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
24	since	since	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	17	acl	_	_
26	away	away	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | man | the repayment of a silver rouble |  |  |  | upon man | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent repayment=Theme |
| 2 | **lend** | past | I | a silver rouble | the son of a pig |  |  |  | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent which=Theme to son=Recipient |
| 3 | **go away** | present · perfect | the son of a pig |  |  |  |  | away, since *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **die** | past | the son of a pig *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 5 | **repay** |  |  | a silver rouble |  |  |  |  | nom repayment «act transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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