---
title: Now this youth had three uncles, rich merchants, who sold all manner… — Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: Now this youth had three uncles, rich merchants, who sold all manner of merchandise, and went in ships to foreign lands, where they sold their goods and made their gains. Who acts: youth, rich merchants, uncles. A sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Vampire and St Michael, with its
---

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# Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, The Vampire and St Michael, sentence 34

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now this youth had three uncles, rich merchants, who sold all manner of merchandise, and went in ships to foreign lands, where they sold their goods and made their gains.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** youth, rich merchants, uncles · **What happens:** have, sell, go, make · **To what, where:** three uncles, manner, ships, goods, gains

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Vampire and St Michael. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (youth, rich merchants, uncles), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg29672:8:34
# text = Now this youth had three uncles, rich merchants, who sold all manner of merchandise, and went in ships to foreign lands, where they sold their goods and made their gains.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	youth	youth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	uncles	uncle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	rich	rich	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	merchants	merchant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	sold	sell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
13	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	14	det	_	_
14	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	merchandise	merchandise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	ships	ship	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	foreign	foreign	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	lands	land	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	28	advmod	_	_
27	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
28	sold	sell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	acl:relcl	_	_
29	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	30	nmod:poss	_	_
30	goods	goods	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	28	obj	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	conj	_	_
33	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	gains	gain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | this youth | three uncles and rich merchants |  |  | now |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent uncle=Patient |
| 2 | **sell** | past | rich merchants | all manner of merchandise |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent manner=Theme |
| 3 | **go** | past | rich merchants *not said here* |  |  | ships |  | to foreign lands | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to land=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **sell** | past | uncles *= uncle* | uncles's goods |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goods=Theme |
| 5 | **make** | past | uncles *= uncle* *not said here* | uncles's gains |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset gain=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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