---
title: And he commanded that all the foreign merchants passing through his… — Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales · tree and pragmatics
description: And he commanded that all the foreign merchants passing through his realm should be made to read prayers for the dead over his daughter's body. " Who acts: man, foreign merchants. A sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Vampire and St Michael, with its dependency tree and the pragmat
---

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# Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, The Vampire and St Michael, sentence 49

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And he commanded that all the foreign merchants passing through his realm should be made to read prayers for the dead over his daughter's body. "

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** man, foreign merchants · **What happens:** command, pass, make, read · **To what, where:** realm, foreign merchants, prayers, body · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Vampire and St Michael. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, foreign merchants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg29672:8:49
# text = And he commanded that all the foreign merchants passing through his realm should be made to read prayers for the dead over his daughter's body. "
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	commanded	command	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
5	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	8	det:predet	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	foreign	foreign	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	merchants	merchant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	passing	pass	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	through	through	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	realm	realm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
14	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	ccomp	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	read	read	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	_
18	prayers	prayer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	obl	_	_
22	over	over	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
23	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	's	's	PART	POS	_	24	case	_	_
26	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
28	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **command** | past | man |  |  |  |  |  | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **pass** | gerund | all foreign merchants *not said here* |  |  | man's realm |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through realm=Location |
| 3 | **make** | should · passive |  | all foreign merchants |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **read** | to-infinitive | all foreign merchants *not said here* | prayers |  | man's daughter's body |  | for the dead | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prayer=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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