---
title: Looking over one of the heaps he saw a giant wrapped in dust draggin… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Looking over one of the heaps he saw a giant wrapped in dust dragging out the very earth and hurling it in handfuls on either side of him. Who acts: Makoma, dust. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 1, sentence 65

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Looking over one of the heaps he saw a giant wrapped in dust dragging out the very earth and hurling it in handfuls on either side of him.

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**Who acts:** Makoma, dust · **What happens:** look, see, wrap, drag out, hurl · **To what, where:** dust, earth, handfuls

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Makoma, dust), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:1:65
# text = Looking over one of the heaps he saw a giant wrapped in dust dragging out the very earth and hurling it in handfuls on either side of him.
1	Looking	look	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
2	over	over	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	1	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	heaps	heap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	giant	giant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	_
11	wrapped	wrap	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	dust	dust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
14	dragging	drag	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	acl	_	_
15	out	out	ADP	RP	_	14	compound:prt	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	very	very	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	hurling	hurl	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	14	conj	_	_
21	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	handfuls	handful	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	_
24	on	on	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	either	either	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	26	det	_	_
26	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | gerund | Makoma *not said here* |  |  |  |  | over one of the heaps | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent over one=Theme |
| 2 | **see** | past | Makoma |  |  |  |  | giant *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **wrap** | participle |  |  |  | dust |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme in dust=Destination |
| 4 | **drag out** | gerund | dust *not said here* | the earth |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent earth=Theme |
| 5 | **hurl** | gerund | dust *not said here* | earth |  | handfuls on either side of Makoma |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent it=Theme in handful=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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