--- title: Chi-dubula-taka grovelled before him, all the while growing smaller… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics description: Chi-dubula-taka grovelled before him, all the while growing smaller and smaller; and when he had become a convenient size Makoma picked him up and put him into the sack beside Chi- eswa-mapiri. Who acts: Chi dubula taka, taka, convenient size. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Op --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/1/74/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Orange Fairy Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/) / [Opening, part 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/1/) / 74 # The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 1, sentence 74 Chi-dubula-taka grovelled before him, all the while growing smaller and smaller; and when he had become a convenient size Makoma picked him up and put him into the sack beside Chi- eswa-mapiri. **Who acts:** Chi dubula taka, taka, convenient size · **What happens:** grovell, grow, become, pick up, put · **To what, where:** taka, sack This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chi dubula taka, taka, convenient size), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg3027:1:74 # text = Chi-dubula-taka grovelled before him, all the while growing smaller and smaller; and when he had become a convenient size Makoma picked him up and put him into the sack beside Chi- eswa-mapiri. 1 Chi Chi PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 2 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 1 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 3 dubula dubula NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 4 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 3 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 5 taka taka NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 6 grovelled grovell VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 before before ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 9 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 10 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 13 det:predet _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 12 while while SCONJ IN _ 13 mark _ _ 13 growing grow VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 6 advcl _ _ 14 smaller small ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 13 xcomp _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 16 smaller small ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 14 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 17 ; ; PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 19 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 22 advmod _ _ 20 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 21 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 22 aux _ _ 22 become become VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 6 parataxis _ _ 23 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 24 convenient convenient ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 25 size size NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 nsubj _ _ 26 Makoma Makoma PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 appos _ _ 27 picked pick VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 22 parataxis _ _ 28 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 obj _ _ 29 up up ADP RP _ 27 compound:prt _ _ 30 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 31 put put VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 27 conj _ _ 32 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 obj _ _ 33 into into ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 sack sack NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl _ _ 36 beside beside ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 37 Chi Chi PROPN NNP Number=Sing 41 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 38 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 37 punct _ _ 39 eswa eswa NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 40 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 39 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 41 mapiri mapiri NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 42 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **grovell** | past | Chi dubula taka | | | | before hero | | tree rules | | 2 | **grow** | gerund | Chi dubula taka *not said here* | | | | | small *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **become** | past · perfect | taka | | | | | | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **pick up** | past | a convenient size | taka | | | | | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Topic | | 5 | **put** | infinitive | a convenient size *not said here* | | taka | the sack beside Chi eswa mapiri | | | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent he=Goal | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 73](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/1/73/) - next →: [sentence 75](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/1/75/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/1/)