---
title: Standing in the shelter of a tree, he watched her a long while, and… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Standing in the shelter of a tree, he watched her a long while, and then, hat in hand, he went up and spoke to her. Who acts: singing. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 12, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 12, sentence 77

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Standing in the shelter of a tree, he watched her a long while, and then, hat in hand, he went up and spoke to her.

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**Who acts:** singing · **What happens:** stand, watch, go up, speak · **To what, where:** shelter, horse · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (singing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:12:77
# text = Standing in the shelter of a tree, he watched her a long while, and then, hat in hand, he went up and spoke to her.
1	Standing	stand	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	shelter	shelter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	watched	watch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	while	while	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	19	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	hat	hat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	parataxis	_	_
25	up	up	ADP	RP	_	24	compound:prt	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	conj	_	_
28	to	to	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | gerund | singing *not said here* |  |  | the shelter of a tree |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in shelter=Location |
| 2 | **watch** | past | singing | horse |  |  | while | hat in hand *obl* | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Theme |
| 3 | **go up** | past | singing |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 4 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | singing *not said here* |  | horse |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to she=Co-Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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