---
title: Oh! what beautiful stones he laid before her; what lovely rubies, an… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Oh! what beautiful stones he laid before her; what lovely rubies, and what rare pearls! Who acts: stone, beautiful stones. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 14, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 14, sentence 52

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Oh! what beautiful stones he laid before her; what lovely rubies, and what rare pearls!

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**Who acts:** stone, beautiful stones · **What happens:** lay, ruby · **To what, where:** beautiful stones

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (stone, beautiful stones), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:14:52
# text = Oh! what beautiful stones he laid before her; what lovely rubies, and what rare pearls!
1	Oh	oh	INTJ	UH	_	3	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
3	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
4	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	laid	lay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	before	before	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	13	nsubj	_	_
12	lovely	lovely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	rubies	ruby	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	parataxis	_	_
17	rare	rare	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	pearls	pearl	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | past | stone | beautiful stones and lovely rubies *not said here* |  |  | before princess |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent stone=Theme before she=Destination |
| 2 | **ruby** |  | beautiful stones and lovely rubies |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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