---
title: But I have a necklace of shining stones which was left me by father,… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: But I have a necklace of shining stones which was left me by father, and one, the largest engraven with weird characters, is missing. Who acts: I, father, one. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 14, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 14, sentence 56

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But I have a necklace of shining stones which was left me by father, and one, the largest engraven with weird characters, is missing.

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**Who acts:** I, father, one · **What happens:** have, shine, leave, be · **To what, where:** necklace, me

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, father, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:14:56
# text = But I have a necklace of shining stones which was left me by father, and one, the largest engraven with weird characters, is missing.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	necklace	necklace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	shining	shine	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	amod	_	_
8	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
9	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl:relcl	_	_
12	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	iobj	_	_
13	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
17	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	27	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	largest	large	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	21	amod	_	_
21	engraven	engraven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	appos	_	_
22	with	with	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	weird	weird	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	characters	character	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
26	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	cop	_	_
27	missing	missing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | I | a necklace of shining stones |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent necklace=Patient |
| 2 | **shine** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **leave** | past · passive | father | a necklace of shining stones | me |  |  |  | vn sustain-55.6-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent subject=Theme i=Attribute |
| 4 | **is** | present | one |  |  |  |  | missing *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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