---
title: The youngest brother, who was wiser, would gladly have done some of… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: The youngest brother, who was wiser, would gladly have done some of the work that the others refused, but he was small and slight, and no one thought of offering him any. Who acts: youngest brother, others, man, one thought. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 16, wit
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 16, sentence 40

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The youngest brother, who was wiser, would gladly have done some of the work that the others refused, but he was small and slight, and no one thought of offering him any.

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**Who acts:** youngest brother, others, man, one thought · **What happens:** be, do, refuse, offer · **To what, where:** some, work, any, man

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (youngest brother, others, man, one thought), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:16:40
# text = The youngest brother, who was wiser, would gladly have done some of the work that the others refused, but he was small and slight, and no one thought of offering him any.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	youngest	young	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	3	amod	_	_
3	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	wiser	wise	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
9	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
10	gladly	gladly	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
11	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	aux	_	_
12	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
13	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	12	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
17	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	20	obj	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
20	refused	refuse	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
23	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
24	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
25	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	parataxis	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	slight	slight	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
30	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	32	det	_	_
31	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	compound	_	_
32	thought	thought	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
33	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	34	mark	_	_
34	offering	offer	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	32	acl	_	_
35	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	obj	_	_
36	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	34	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the youngest brother |  |  |  |  | wise *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | would · perfect | the youngest brother | some |  |  |  | no one thought *obl*; gladly *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent some=Eventuality |
| 3 | **refuse** | past | the others | the work |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Theme |
| 4 | **is** | past | man |  |  |  |  | small *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **be** |  | man *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **offer** | gerund | no one thought *not said here* | any | man |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent he=Goal any=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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