---
title: 'Well, as I was sauntering over the plain, just now, I noticed a flo… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: 'Well, as I was sauntering over the plain, just now, I noticed a flock of sheep grazing, and some of them had wandered into a little valley quite out of sight of the shepherd. Who acts: I, sheep. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 18, with its dependency tree and the
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 18, sentence 82

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
'Well, as I was sauntering over the plain, just now, I noticed a flock of sheep grazing, and some of them had wandered into a little valley quite out of sight of the shepherd.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, sheep · **What happens:** saunter, notice, graze, wander, sight · **To what, where:** plain, flock, some, little valley, shepherd · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, sheep), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:18:82
# text = 'Well, as I was sauntering over the plain, just now, I noticed a flock of sheep grazing, and some of them had wandered into a little valley quite out of sight of the shepherd.
1	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Well	well	INTJ	UH	_	7	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	sauntering	saunter	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	16	ccomp	_	_
8	over	over	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	plain	plain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	just	just	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
15	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	noticed	notice	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	flock	flock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nmod	_	_
21	grazing	graze	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	20	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
24	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	28	nsubj:pass	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nmod	_	_
27	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
28	wandered	wander	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	conj	_	_
29	into	into	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
30	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
31	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	valley	valley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
33	quite	quite	ADV	RB	_	36	advmod	_	_
34	out	out	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	sight	sight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	shepherd	shepherd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **saunter** | past · progressive | I |  |  | the plain | now |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over plain=Trajectory |
| 2 | **notice** | past | I | a flock of sheep |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **graze** | gerund | sheep *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn dine-39.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **wander** | past · perfect · passive |  | some |  | a little valley |  | out sight of the shepherd | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Trajectory |
| 5 | **sight** |  |  | the shepherd |  |  |  |  | nom sight «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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