---
title: 'Help!' cried the antelope, 'for I was doing no harm, yet I have bee… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: 'Help!' cried the antelope, 'for I was doing no harm, yet I have been caught, and would have been eaten, had I not defended myself.' Who acts: Help, I. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 2, sentence 45

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
'Help!' cried the antelope, 'for I was doing no harm, yet I have been caught, and would have been eaten, had I not defended myself.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Help, I · **What happens:** cry, do, catch, eat, have, not defend · **To what, where:** antelope, harm, I, myself

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Help, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:2:45
# text = 'Help!' cried the antelope, 'for I was doing no harm, yet I have been caught, and would have been eaten, had I not defended myself.'
1	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	antelope	antelope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
11	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	doing	do	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
14	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	15	det	_	_
15	harm	harm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
17	yet	yet	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
18	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
19	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
20	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	21	aux:pass	_	_
21	caught	catch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
24	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
25	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	27	aux	_	_
26	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	27	aux:pass	_	_
27	eaten	eat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	21	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
29	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
30	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
31	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	32	advmod	_	_
32	defended	defend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	ccomp	_	_
33	myself	myself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	32	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | Help | the antelope |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent antelope=Topic |
| 2 | **do** | past · progressive | I | no harm |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent harm=Eventuality |
| 3 | **catch** | present · perfect · passive |  | I |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 4 | **eat** | would · perfect · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V» |
| 5 | **have** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **not** **defend** | past | I | myself |  |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent myself=Beneficiary |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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