---
title: In the distance Gopani-Kufa saw a great collection of houses all squ… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: In the distance Gopani-Kufa saw a great collection of houses all square, built of stone and very tall, and their roofs were shining with gold and burnished iron. Who acts: Gopani, roofs. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatic
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 2, sentence 58

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In the distance Gopani-Kufa saw a great collection of houses all square, built of stone and very tall, and their roofs were shining with gold and burnished iron.

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**Who acts:** Gopani, roofs · **What happens:** see, build, shine, burnish · **To what, where:** great collection

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gopani, roofs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:2:58
# text = In the distance Gopani-Kufa saw a great collection of houses all square, built of stone and very tall, and their roofs were shining with gold and burnished iron.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	distance	distance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
4	Gopani	Gopani	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	Kufa	Kufa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	flat	_	_
7	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	collection	collection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	houses	house	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
13	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	14	det	_	_
14	square	square	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	built	build	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	very	very	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	tall	tall	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
24	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	roofs	roof	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nsubj	_	_
26	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
27	shining	shine	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	conj	_	_
28	with	with	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
31	burnished	burnish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	32	amod	_	_
32	iron	iron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | Gopani | a great collection of houses |  |  |  | in the distance | tree rules |
| 2 | **build** | participle | Gopani *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of stone | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 3 | **shine** | past · progressive | men's roofs |  |  |  |  | with gold and burnished iron | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with gold=Theme |
| 4 | **burnish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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