---
title: When the four giants returned at sunset with the poles, they rejoice… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: When the four giants returned at sunset with the poles, they rejoiced to find that Makoma had overcome the fever-spirit, and they feasted on the roast venison till far into the night; but in the morning, when they awoke, Makoma was already warming his hands to the fire, and his face was gloomy. Who 
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 2, sentence 9

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When the four giants returned at sunset with the poles, they rejoiced to find that Makoma had overcome the fever-spirit, and they feasted on the roast venison till far into the night; but in the morning, when they awoke, Makoma was already warming his hands to the fire, and his face was gloomy.

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**Who acts:** four giants, poles, Makoma, face · **What happens:** return, rejoice, find, overcome, feast, awake · **To what, where:** fever spirit, hands · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (four giants, poles, Makoma, face), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:2:9
# text = When the four giants returned at sunset with the poles, they rejoiced to find that Makoma had overcome the fever-spirit, and they feasted on the roast venison till far into the night; but in the morning, when they awoke, Makoma was already warming his hands to the fire, and his face was gloomy.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	giants	giant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	returned	return	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	advcl	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	sunset	sunset	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	poles	pole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	rejoiced	rejoice	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	_
16	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
17	Makoma	Makoma	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
18	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	overcome	overcome	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	15	ccomp	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
21	fever	fever	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	spirit	spirit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
26	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
27	feasted	feast	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
28	on	on	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	roast	roast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	compound	_	_
31	venison	venison	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
32	till	till	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
33	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	27	advmod	_	_
34	into	into	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
38	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
39	in	in	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
43	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	45	advmod	_	_
44	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	45	nsubj	_	_
45	awoke	awake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	50	punct	_	_
47	Makoma	Makoma	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	50	nsubj	_	_
48	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	50	aux	_	_
49	already	already	ADV	RB	_	50	advmod	_	_
50	warming	warm	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	45	advcl	_	_
51	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	52	nmod:poss	_	_
52	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	50	obj	_	_
53	to	to	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
54	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	55	det	_	_
55	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	50	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
56	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	61	punct	_	_
57	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	61	cc	_	_
58	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	59	nmod:poss	_	_
59	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	61	nsubj	_	_
60	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	61	cop	_	_
61	gloomy	gloomy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
62	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **return** | past | the four giants |  |  |  | sunset | with the poles | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **rejoice** | past | poles *= pole* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **find** | to-infinitive | poles *= pole* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 4 | **overcome** | past · perfect | Makoma | the fever spirit |  |  |  |  | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot spirit=Theme |
| 5 | **feast** | past | poles *= pole* |  |  |  |  | on the roast venison; far *property* | vn dine-39.5 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent on venison=Patient |
| 6 | **awake** | past | poles *= pole* |  |  |  | morning |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **warm** | past · progressive | Makoma | giant's hands |  |  |  | to the fire | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent hand=Patient |
| 8 | **is** | past | giant's face |  |  |  |  | gloomy *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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