---
title: Instantly he found himself standing upon the upper earth; but, not k… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Instantly he found himself standing upon the upper earth; but, not knowing the spot, he said again to the Mirror: Who acts: Gopani. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 2, sentence 94

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Instantly he found himself standing upon the upper earth; but, not knowing the spot, he said again to the Mirror:

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**Who acts:** Gopani · **What happens:** find, stand, not know, say · **To what, where:** Gopani, upper earth, spot, Mirror · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gopani), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:2:94
# text = Instantly he found himself standing upon the upper earth; but, not knowing the spot, he said again to the Mirror:
1	Instantly	instantly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	3	obj	_	_
5	standing	stand	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	xcomp	_	_
6	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	upper	upper	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
14	knowing	know	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	spot	spot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
20	again	again	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	Mirror	mirror	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | Gopani | Gopani |  |  |  | instantly *property* | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent himself=Attribute clause=Theme |
| 2 | **stand** | gerund | Gopani *not said here* |  |  | the upper earth |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent upon earth=Location |
| 3 | **not** **know** | gerund | Gopani *not said here* | the spot |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer spot=Stimulus |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Gopani |  | the Mirror |  | again |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to mirror=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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