---
title: No one ever knew how the news spread to the kraal that the young man… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: No one ever knew how the news spread to the kraal that the young man was coming back, bringing a wife with him; but, somehow or other, when the two entered the village, every man and woman was standing in the road uttering shouts of welcome. Who acts: one, news, young man, two. A sentence of «The Or
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 21, sentence 34

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No one ever knew how the news spread to the kraal that the young man was coming back, bringing a wife with him; but, somehow or other, when the two entered the village, every man and woman was standing in the road uttering shouts of welcome.

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**Who acts:** one, news, young man, two, man, road · **What happens:** know, spread, come back, bring, enter, stand · **To what, where:** wife, village, road · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one, news, young man, two), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:21:34
# text = No one ever knew how the news spread to the kraal that the young man was coming back, bringing a wife with him; but, somehow or other, when the two entered the village, every man and woman was standing in the road uttering shouts of welcome.
1	No	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	2	det	_	_
2	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	4	advmod	_	_
4	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	news	news	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	spread	spread	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	kraal	kraal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
16	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	coming	come	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
18	back	back	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	bringing	bring	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	17	conj	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
23	with	with	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
26	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
28	somehow	somehow	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	_
29	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
32	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	35	advmod	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	35	nsubj	_	_
35	entered	enter	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
39	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	40	det	_	_
40	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	nsubj	_	_
41	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
42	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	conj	_	_
43	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	44	aux	_	_
44	standing	stand	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	37	acl:relcl	_	_
45	in	in	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
46	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	47	det	_	_
47	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	obl	_	_
48	uttering	utter	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	47	acl	_	_
49	shouts	shout	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	35	parataxis	_	_
50	of	of	ADP	IN	_	51	case	_	_
51	welcome	welcome	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | past | no one |  |  |  | ever |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **spread** | past | the news |  |  |  |  | to the kraal | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **come back** | past · progressive | the young man |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **bring** | gerund | the young man *not said here* |  | a wife |  |  | with man | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument wife=Destination |
| 5 | **enter** | past | the two |  |  |  |  | somehow *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **stand** | past · progressive | every man and woman | the village *not said here* |  | the road |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent village=Theme in road=Destination |
| 7 | **utter** *speech: other* | gerund | the road *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **shout** *speech: express* | present | the village |  |  |  |  | of welcome | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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