---
title: Only, all this time she never gave the poor buffalo anything to eat,… — The Orange Fairy Book · tree and pragmatics
description: Only, all this time she never gave the poor buffalo anything to eat, because she had just one dish, out of which she and her husband ate; while in her old home there was a dish put aside expressly for the Rover of the Plain. Who acts: girl, dish. A sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang,
---

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# The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 21, sentence 52

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Only, all this time she never gave the poor buffalo anything to eat, because she had just one dish, out of which she and her husband ate; while in her old home there was a dish put aside expressly for the Rover of the Plain.

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**Who acts:** girl, dish · **What happens:** not give, eat, have, be, put · **To what, where:** anything, one dish, old home, dish

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This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (girl, dish), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg3027:21:52
# text = Only, all this time she never gave the poor buffalo anything to eat, because she had just one dish, out of which she and her husband ate; while in her old home there was a dish put aside expressly for the Rover of the Plain.
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	5	det:predet	_	_
4	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
5	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	buffalo	buffalo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	obj	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
17	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
19	just	just	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	21	nummod	_	_
21	dish	dish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
23	out	out	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	30	obl	_	_
26	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
28	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	husband	husband	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	_
30	ate	eat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
32	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	38	mark	_	_
33	in	in	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
34	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	36	nmod:poss	_	_
35	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	_
37	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	38	expl	_	_
38	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
39	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	dish	dish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	nsubj	_	_
41	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	40	acl	_	_
42	aside	aside	ADV	RB	_	41	advmod	_	_
43	expressly	expressly	ADV	RB	_	41	advmod	_	_
44	for	for	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	Rover	Rover	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	41	obl	_	_
47	of	of	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
48	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
49	Plain	Plain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	46	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **give** | past | girl | anything |  |  | time |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Theme |
| 2 | **eat** | to-infinitive | girl *not said here* | anything *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **have** | past | girl | one dish |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dish=Patient |
| 4 | **eat** | past | girl |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent out which=Source |
| 5 | **be** | past | a dish |  |  | girl's old home; there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in home=Location |
| 6 | **put** | participle |  | a dish *not said here* |  |  |  | for the Rover of the Plain; aside, expressly *property* | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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